Splitting countries into two groups—rich and poor; developed (the “North”) and developing (the “South”); leaders and followers—appears to us to be progressively more simplistic, unrealistic and a heritage from colonial times. Triggered by the first wave of globalization, the share of world income going to today’s wealthy nations soared from twenty to almost seventy percent between 1820 and 1990, a fact that supported and strengthened this dichotomic vision; however, the new globalization driven by information technology has propelled the rapid industrialization of several developing nations and simultaneous deindustrialization of developed nations, a phenomenon that has not yet been fully understood nor reflected in traditional economic indexes and analyses. In this article we revisit the 2005 concept of Innovative Developing Countries (IDCs) that points to the underrepresentation of IDCs in well-known innovation indexes and country ranks. Our analysis clearly shows a prominent role for IDCs in health innovation, research and development on NTDs and in epidemics preparedness, prevention and control.

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Author(s): Alexandre Guimarães Vasconcellos, Bruna de Paula Fonseca e Fonseca, Carlos Medicis Morel
Organization(s): National Institute of Industrial Property (INPI), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz)
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
Year: 2018

This chapter analyzes funding patterns and their evolution in two medical research topics: breast cancer and ovarian cancer, taking into account cross-agency and cross-national co-funding. A bibliometric analysis of 355,463 papers from PubMed (273,526 on breast cancer and 81,937 on ovarian cancer) brought out 91 funding agencies involved in breast cancer and 65 in ovarian cancer. Additionally, the study examined the evolution of Medical Subject Headings (MESH) funded by agencies. An analysis of patterns in funding, co-funding, MESH, and their evolution, was carried out using Social Network Analysis (SNA) methodology. The results show the importance of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) in both breast and ovarian cancer. The NCI achieves its policy goals by co-funding its programs with both national and cross-national agencies. Moreover, the MESH that agencies co-funded in the two years studied coincided; however, it must be said that the number of agencies which participated in research funding also increased.

https://doi.org/10.1142/9781786344069_0014

Author(s): Blanca de-Miguel-Molina, Scott W. Cunningham, Fernando Palop
Organization(s): Universitat Politècnica de València, TU Delft
Source: Innovation Discovery: Network Analysis of Research and Invention Activity for Technology Management (Chpt 14)
Year: 2018

This chapter focuses on applying bibliometric analysis and text mining technique to generate technology intelligence from publication databases. The intelligence represents the research profile and landscape by highlighting active research areas and revealing professional communities along with their social networks. Professional communities are both hidden and promoted. In developing countries, such as Thailand in particular, the number of experts in science and technology is quite limited. The mobility of talent between academia, government, and industry is therefore essential for knowledge transfer and technology diffusion. The main challenge is how to identify the potential groups of experts leading to future research collaboration. In this chapter, the case analysis of two emerging research areas in Thailand are presented; Biomedical Engineering (BME) and Data Science. The findings are used as key inputs for the development of effective policies and incentives to promote the research activities as well as research collaboration among different groups of experts.

https://doi.org/10.1142/9781786344069_0010

Author(s): Nathasit Gerdsri, Alisa Kongthon
Organization(s): Mahidol University, National Electronics and Computer Technology Center (NECTEC)
Source: Innovation Discovery: Network Analysis of Research and Invention Activity for Technology Management (Chpt 10)
Year: 2018

Recent studies in literature on eco-innovation have adopted a systematic approach, rather than taking advantage of what the iMetrics method — different types of information studies such as bibliometrics, scientometrics, and informetrics — can contribute to the understanding of how knowledge increases and develops in a particular field. This chapter contributes to filling this gap by completing what other studies have already revealed. Our contribution adds information about the evolution in research on eco-innovation and the distinct nature of the knowledge generated by most important countries in the field. In this chapter, through the examination of scientific papers indexed in the Web of Science and Scopus databases, an analysis of co-keywords was undertaken through the use of Social Network Analysis. These results indicated that: (a) eco-innovation was related to environment, management, and engineering; (b) evolution in the field moved toward a practitioner context, a factor which is shown in the changes of the most important keywords; and (c) mapping the science in this field is contextual, depicting the structural characteristics of different countries. These results may be of interest to researchers, practitioners, and policy makers. In particular, researchers can make interesting contacts and detect gaps for future research; practitioners can find institutions and researchers to work with; and policy makers can use the differences between knowledge patterns in the different countries for decision-making.

https://doi.org/10.1142/9781786344069_0009

Author(s): Blanca de-Miguel-Molina, María de-Miguel-Molina, María-del-Val Segarra-Oña, Ángel Peiró-Signes
Organization(s): Universitat Politècnica de València
Source: Innovation Discovery: Network Analysis of Research and Invention Activity for Technology Management (Chpt 9)
Year: 2018