Category Archives: novel source

non-typical database

Graphene Research and Enterprise: Mapping Innovation and Business Growth in a Strategic Emerging Technology

CTI, novel source, Research Examples, Research Type, Science mapping, ST&I indicators

This paper presents the results of research to develop new data sources and methods that can be combined with existing information for real-time intelligence to understand and map enterprise development and commercialisation in a rapidly emerging and growing new technology. As a demonstration case, the study examines enterprise development and commercialisation strategies in graphene, focusing on a set of 65 graphenebased small and medium-sized enterprises located in 16 different countries. We draw on available secondary sources and bibliometric methods to profile developments in graphene. We then use computerised data mining methods and analytical techniques, including cluster and regression modelling, to identify patterns from publicly available online information on enterprise web sites. We identify groups of graphene small and medium-sized enterprises differentiated by how they became involved with graphene, the materials they target, whether they make equipment, and their orientation towards science and intellectual property. In general, access to finance and the firms’ location are significant factors that are associated with graphene product introductions. We also find that patents and scientific publications are not statistically significant predictors of product development in our sample of graphene SMEs. We show that the UK has a cohort of graphene-oriented SMEs that is signalling plans to develop intermediate graphene products that should have higher value in the marketplace. Our findings suggest that UK policy needs to ensure attention to the introduction and scale-up of downstream intermediate and final graphene products and associated financial, intermediary, and market identification support.

Author(s): Philip Shapira, Abdullah Gök, and Fatemeh Salehi Yazdi
Organization(s): Manchester Institute of Innovation Research, University of Manchester
Source: Nesta Working Paper Series
http://www.nesta.org.uk/publications/graphene-research-and-enterprise-mapping-innovation-and-business-growth-strategic-emerging-technology
Year: 2015

Using the wayback machine to mine websites in the social sciences: A methodological resource

novel source, Research Examples, Research profiling

Websites offer an unobtrusive data source for developing and analyzing information about various types of social science phenomena. In this paper, we provide a methodological resource for social scientists looking to expand their toolkit using unstructured web-based text, and in particular, with the Wayback Machine, to access historical website data. After providing a literature review of existing research that uses the Wayback Machine, we put forward a step-by-step description of how the analyst can design a research project using archived websites. We draw on the example of a project that analyzes indicators of innovation activities and strategies in 300 U.S. small- and medium-sized enterprises in green goods industries. We present six steps to access historical Wayback website data: (a) sampling, (b) organizing and defining the boundaries of the web crawl, (c) crawling, (d) website variable operationalization, (e) integration with other data sources, and (f) analysis. Although our examples draw on specific types of firms in green goods industries, the method can be generalized to other areas of research. In discussing the limitations and benefits of using the Wayback Machine, we note that both machine and human effort are essential to developing a high-quality data set from archived web information.

FULL-TEXT http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/asi.23503/full

Author(s): Sanjay K. Arora, Yin Li, Jan Youtie, and Philip Shapira
Organization(s): Georgia Institute of Technology and University of Manchester
Source: Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology
Year: 2015

Green Energy Prospects: Trends and Challenges

Biz lit, Future-oriented technology analysis, novel source, Patents, Research Examples, Research Type, S&T lit, Strategic planning,

The transition of energy systems moving from non-renewable fossil-nuclear to renewable sources is a key challenge of climate mitigation and sustainable development. Green energy technologies can contribute to solutions of global problems such as climate change, growth of energy consumption, depletion of natural resources, negative environmental impacts, and energy security. In this article the prospective directions of technology development in green energy are studied and analyzed using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. Qualitative research involves participation of key experts in the field of green energy, while quantitative analysis includes collecting and processing data from different information sources (scientific publications, patents, news, Foresight projects, conferences, projects of international organizations, dissertations, and presentations) with a help of Vantage Point software. In addition, key challenges for green energy as well as its relationships with other technological and non-technological areas are identified and briefly described on the basis of expert and analytical results.

http://www.igi-global.com/article/green-energy-prospects/129675

Author(s): S. Filippov, N. Mikova, and A. Sokolova
Organization(s): Energy Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences and Higher School of Economics
Source: International Journal of Social Ecology and Sustainable Development (IJSESD)
Year: 2015

Use of web mining in studying innovation (full-text)

Data Type, novel source, Research Examples,

As enterprises expand and post increasing information about their business activities on their websites, website data promises to be a valuable source for investigating innovation. This article examines the practicalities and effectiveness of web mining as a research method for innovation studies. We use web mining to explore the R&D activities of 296 UK-based green goods small and mid-size enterprises. We find that website data offers additional insights when compared with other traditional unobtrusive research methods, such as patent and publication analysis. We examine the strengths and limitations of enterprise innovation web mining in terms of a wide range of data quality dimensions, including accuracy, completeness, currency, quantity, flexibility and accessibility. We observe that far more companies in our sample report undertaking R&D activities on their web sites than would be suggested by looking only at conventional data sources. While traditional methods offer information about the early phases of R&D and invention through publications and patents, web mining offers insights that are more downstream in the innovation process. Handling website data is not as easy as alternative data sources, and care needs to be taken in executing search strategies. Website information is also self-reported and companies may vary in their motivations for posting (or not posting) information about their activities on websites. Nonetheless, we find that web mining is a significant and useful complement to current methods, as well as offering novel insights not easily obtained from other unobtrusive sources.

Open Access doi:10.1007/s11192-014-1434-0

Author(s): Abdullah Gök, Alec Waterworth, Philip Shapira
Organization(s): MIoIR-University of Manchester
Source: Scientometrics
Year: 2015

Text Mining for Adverse Drug Events: the Promise, Challenges, and State of the Art

novel source, Research Examples, Research Type, Tech mining

Text mining is the computational process of extracting meaningful information from large amounts of unstructured text. It is emerging as a tool to leverage underutilized data sources that can improve pharmacovigilance, including the objective of adverse drug event (ADE) detection and assessment. This article provides an overview of recent advances in pharmacovigilance driven by the application of text mining, and discusses several data sources—such as biomedical literature, clinical narratives, product labeling, social media, and Web search logs—that are amenable to text mining for pharmacovigilance. Given the state of the art, it appears text mining can be applied to extract useful ADE-related information from multiple textual sources. Nonetheless, further research is required to address remaining technical challenges associated with the text mining methodologies, and to conclusively determine the relative contribution of each textual source to improving pharmacovigilance.

Author(s): Rave Harpaz, Alison Callahan, Suzanne Tamang, Yen Low, David Odgers, Sam Finlayson, Kenneth Jung, Paea LePendu and Nigam H. Shah
Organization: Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, Stanford University
Source: Drug Safety
Year: 2014

http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40264-014-0218-z

Digging for gold with a simple tool: Validating text mining in studying electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) communication

Data Type, novel source, Research Examples, Research Type, ST&I indicators, Strategic planning, Tech mining

Text-based electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) communication has increasingly become an important channel for consumers to exchange information about products and services. How to effectively utilize the enormous amount of text information poses a great challenge to marketing researchers and practitioners. This study takes an initial step to investigate the validities and usefulness of text mining, a promising approach in generating valuable information from eWOM communication. Bilateral data were collected from both eWOM senders and readers via two web-based surveys. Results provide initial evidence for the validity and utility of text mining and demonstrate that the linguistic indicators generated by text analysis are predictive of eWOM communicators’ attitudes toward a product or service. Text analysis indicators (e.g., Negations and Money) can explain additional variance in eWOM communicators’ attitudes above and beyond the star ratings and may become a promising supplement to the widely used star ratings as indicators of eWOM valence.

Author(s): Chuanyi Tang and Lin Guo
Organization(s): Old Dominion University and University of New Hampshire
Source: Marketing Letters
Year: 2013

http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11002-013-9268-8

Biological Diversity in the Patent System

Data Type, Gephi, Network analysis, novel source, Patents, Research Examples, Research Type, Science mapping, ST&I policy, Tableau, VantagePoint,

Biological diversity in the patent system is an enduring focus of controversy but empirical analysis of the presence of biodiversity in the patent system has been limited. To address this problem we text mined 11 million patent documents for 6 million Latin species names from the Global Names Index (GNI) established by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) and Encyclopedia of Life (EOL). Continue reading Biological Diversity in the Patent System →

What Does Politics Have to Do with IT? Economic Distribution and Innovation Policy in OECD Countries

Data Type, novel source, Research Examples, Research Type, ST&I policy, ,

Despite the fact that the distributional impact of innovation has been recognized in the social science literature, to date virtually no work has been done on the politics of distribution of innovation policy. This study is the first to examine innovation policy in developed countries from the distributional perspective. Continue reading What Does Politics Have to Do with IT? Economic Distribution and Innovation Policy in OECD Countries →

Création de Systèmes d’Intelligence dans une Organisation de Recherche et Développement avec la Scientométrie et la Médiamétrie (Creation of Intelligence Systems in a Research and Development Organisation with Scientometrics and Mediametrics)

CTI, Data Type, novel source, Research evaluation, Research Examples, Research Type, ,

Ce travail est un trait d’union entre les sciences de l’information et de la communication. Une robuste méthodologie et des outils performants d’analyses bibliométriques sont utilisés pour des études scientométriques et médiamétriques. Pour cela, nous avons étudié la production scientifique d’une organisation publique de recherche et développement, l’Entreprise Brésilienne de Recherche Agronomique (Embrapa), les compétences de ses chercheurs et enfin nous avons évalué la performance de cette organisation et ses 40 centres de recherche dans les médias. Continue reading Création de Systèmes d’Intelligence dans une Organisation de Recherche et Développement avec la Scientométrie et la Médiamétrie (Creation of Intelligence Systems in a Research and Development Organisation with Scientometrics and Mediametrics) →

Socio-Economic Status and Citizen Participation in Crowdsourced Government

GTM Conference, novel source, ST&I policy

Extended Abstract – MINING NOVEL DATA SOURCES   session at “1st Global TechMining Conference” 2011

Author(s): Benjamin Y. Clark, Sung-Gheel Jang, Jeffrey Brudney (University of Cleveland)

New technologies are allowing governments to harness a complex flow of data to address a vast array of problems by using the public’s collective wisdom. Through such “crowdsourcing,” governments are able to collect citizen-generated data in “311” systems—i.e., quasi-“411” systems that allow citizens to provide non-emergency information and requests directly to governments via advanced telephone systems. The primary goal of this research is to investigate the distributional impacts of governments relying upon 311 systems to allocate resources. Our analysis is based on one year of service requests in the City of Boston—from February 2010 to February 2011. Continue reading Socio-Economic Status and Citizen Participation in Crowdsourced Government →